What does the formula Me%n relate to?

The formula Me%n relates to the encryption process in the RSA algorithm. In RSA, the encryption of a message M is performed by using the exponent e and the modulus n, which are part of the public key. The operation Me%n essentially signifies raising the message M to the power of e and then taking the result modulo n.

This modular exponentiation is core to RSA encryption, where the public key (e, n) is used to securely encrypt a message. RSA encryption ensures that the original message can only be decrypted by someone who possesses the corresponding private key. Thus, Me%n directly represents the mathematical process involved in encrypting a message using RSA, making option B the correct choice.

The other options pertain to different cryptographic concepts and do not relate to this specific operation in RSA encryption. For instance, decrypting with RSA would involve a different formula that incorporates the private key, while generating Mersenne primes and encrypting with elliptic curve (EC) cryptography are distinct topics that do not involve the use of Me%n in their respective processes.